Annotation Extension Relation:has direct input

From GO Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.

Back to Annotation usage examples for each annotation extension relation

Back to Annotation usage examples for has input

Definition

Identifies an entity directly affected (bound, transported, modified, consumed or destroyed) by the gene product's participation in a Molecular Function or Biological Process.

Comment

To use this relationship there must be evidence that the gene product in column 2 is known/predicted to bind the molecular target in column 16.

This can be a co-immunoprecipitation (for example) demonstrated in the paper being annotated, or from evidence available in another paper, or from evidence of protein interactions which have been demonstrated in another paper for orthologous molecules.

Without evidence of a relevant interaction use the relationship has_input

Synonyms

directly_localizes (NARROW)

has_direct_target (EXACT)

has_substrate (NARROW)

Child terms

  • None

Scope of use

Domain

BFO:0000007 ! process (Biological Process or Molecular Function)

Range

ENTITY_UNION:0000005 ! chemical, gene product, or complex

Annotation Extension Usage Examples

Enhancing Molecular Function and Biological Process Annotations

Specifying the DNA sequence that was bound by a gene product

Transcription factor binding to potential target sequences in vitro:

Statement from paper:

By performing gel electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we could detect efficient binding of Atf-2 to the elements found in the bec-1 and lgg-1 promoters (Fig. 5C).

(Note that binding to lin-48 is also reported as a positive control).

Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
WBGene00000220 Atf-2 GO:0001012 RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding PMID:21502138 IDA

has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00000247 bec-1)|has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00002980 lgg-1)|has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00003033 lin-48)

Specifying the target molecule of an enzyme activity

Targets of protein kinase activity:

Example 1 Statement from paper:

A final line of evidence that BAF-1 is a substrate for VRK-1 was obtained with purified recombinant proteins, which demonstrated that BAF-1 was phosphorylated by VRK-1 in vitro (Figure 4H, lower panel). In addition, VRK-1 was autophosphorylated (Figure 4H, upper panel).


Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
WBGene00017895 Vrk-1 GO:0004672 protein kinase activity PMID:17170708 IDA

has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00000235 baf-1)|has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00017895 vrk-1)

Example 2:

If protein SGD:A phosphorylates protein SGD:B then annotate A to:

Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
SGD:A A GO:0004672 protein kinase activity PMID:17170708 IDA has_direct_input(SGD:B B)

NOTE we would not include a separate annotation line for B, because we only have annotation lines for active participants

Strictly speaking, the input is SGD:B in the unphosphorylated state and the output is SGD:B in the phosphorylated state. However, currently we do not have IDs for these separate protein forms. Really B is both an input and an output. We standardize on has_input here.

Note there is no need to say:

Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
SGD:A A GO:0004672 protein kinase activity PMID:17170708 IDA

has_direct_input(SGD:B B)|has_direct_input(CHEBI:15422 ATP)

Or even:

Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
SGD:A A GO:0004672 protein kinase activity PMID:17170708 IDA

has_direct_input(SGD:B B)|has_direct_input(CHEBI:15422 ATP)|has_output(SGD:B B)|has_output(CHEBI:16761 ADP)

These are correct but this is pointless because the additional info is redundant with what we already know about kinase activity (this is actually made computable in MF x CHEBI)

Inclusion of the C16 information in the Molecular Function protein kinase and to the Biological Process phosphorylation can be useful, as these annotation extensions will not be created transitively. However, this information can be inferred computationally.

If protein SGD:A phosphorylates protein SGD:B and SGD:C then annotate A to:

Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16)
SGD:A A GO:0004672 protein kinase activity PMID:17170708 IDA

has_direct_input(SGD:B B)|has_direct_input(SGD:C C)

There is some redundancy with interaction databases here. Capturing this as GO annotation is more expressive as you can say "A phosphorylates B during pathway C". But if you want to capture this in interaction databases exclusively we have tools for generating GO annotations from these (just as we have tools for capturing GO annotations from pathway databases).

Using examples (from above) to demonstrate Folding_and_Unfolding using the relationship has_direct_input

Specifying the DNA sequence that was bound by a gene product

Transcription factor binding to potential target sequences in vitro:

Statement from paper:

By performing gel electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we could detect efficient binding of Atf-2 to the elements found in the bec-1 and lgg-1 promoters (Fig. 5C).

Folded/unfolded Gene Name (col 2) GO ID (col 5) Reference (col 6) Evidence (col 7) Annotation Extension (col 16) Parent terms of new folded GO term
Unfolded WBGene00000220 atf-2 GO:0001012 RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding PMID:21502138 IDA

has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00000247 bec-1)| has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00002980 lgg-1)| has_direct_input(WB:WBGene00003033 lin-48)

Folded WBGene00000220 atf-2 GO:0001012 RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding PMID:21502138 IDA No new GO term created

OWL class expression: is_a GO:0001012 RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding AND part_of SOME WBGene00000220 atf-2



Back to Annotation Extension: Capturing participants

Back to Annotation usage examples for each annotation extension relation